ABA routing number:
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The algorithm used to validate an ABA Routing Number consists of multiplying each digit, from left to right with the numbers 3, 7, and 1. Each multiplied value is then added up and the final number is divided by ten. The remainder should be zero.
  1   2   3   1   2   3   1   2   3    
x 3   7   1   3   7   1   3   7   1    

  3 + 14 + 3 + 3 + 14 + 3 + 3 + 14 + 3 = 60
60 ÷ 10 = 6 remainder 0

The bottom left most nine numbers of a check is the ABA number of a financial institution.